Once adolescents develop myopia, the degree of myopia will increase every year, and the higher the degree of myopia, the greater the risk of retinal tears, retinal detachment, posterior scleral staphyloma, macular hemorrhage, choroidal neovascularization and other diseases. At the same time, high myopia is also a high-risk group of open-angle glaucoma. Therefore, for teenagers with myopia, the primary task is to control the progress of myopia. If there is a need for mirror removal in adulthood, consider doing myopia surgery.
After several generations of myopia surgery, the current technology is quite mature. However, many parents believe that young people with myopia do not have to care about the prevention and control of myopia. Anyway, after the age of 18, they can do myopia surgery and solve all visual problems once and for all. This view is wrong.
First of all, myopia surgery has indications. Because corneal laser surgery is performed on corneal tissue, the patient’s corneal thickness is required to withstand the correction of myopia. If a patient has too high a degree of myopia or a relatively thin cornea, corneal laser surgery cannot be selected. If such patients insist on taking the mirror, they must choose intraocular contact lens implantation to correct myopia.
Second, myopia surgery does not change the already elongated eye shaft. The cornea of the human eye is basically stable after 3 years old, which means that the myopia that occurs with growth and development is almost always caused by the elongation of the eye axis. More than 90% of myopia patients in our country belong to axial myopia. Myopia surgery after adulthood either changes the corneal morphology by laser surgery or fixes myopia by implanting a special intraocular lens placed in front of the natural lens. Myopia surgery only corrects the diopter, which means that 300 degrees of myopia patients and 1000 degrees of myopia patients may achieve 1.0 vision after surgery, but the risk of retinopathy is very different, the latter occurs The probability of complications such as retinal tears is significantly higher than the former. In other words, the probability of retinopathy occurring in myopia regardless of whether or not surgery is performed, whether preoperative or postoperative, depends only on the degree of myopia before surgery.
Thirdly, the higher the degree of myopia, the more corneal tissue is cut by laser surgery, and the probability of complications such as myopia regression and secondary corneal dilatation is relatively high. Corneal laser surgery, whether it is a full femtosecond surgery or a semi-femtosecond surgery, achieves the goal of flattening the center of the cornea by cutting off part of the corneal tissue. The higher the patient’s degree, the less residual corneal stroma. Therefore, before the patient performs myopia surgery, the doctor will do a preoperative evaluation to determine whether the patient can perform myopia surgery.
Therefore, myopia surgery itself changes only the refractive power of the eyeball and does not change the risk of potential retinopathy due to myopia. Therefore, once adolescents develop myopia, the primary task is to delay the growth of myopia and avoid becoming a high myopia. Once there is a need for mirror removal in the future, the lower the degree of myopia, the safer the surgery will be.
